10/11/2023 0 Comments Arched finger printsAgainst this backdrop, the field of latent print evidence has seen a number of new developments. Viewed in this way as a ‘model forensic discipline’ grounded in basic research, academically-validated methods, and probabilistic reasoning, DNA profiling has come to provide a general blueprint for what it might mean to give other forensic disciplines stronger scientific foundations ( Murphy, 2010, p. As stated in the report of the National Research Council of the National Academies: ‘Unlike many forensic techniques that were developed empirically within the forensic community, with little foundation in scientific theory or analysis, DNA analysis is a fortuitous byproduct of cutting-edge science’ ( National Research Council, 2009, p. ![]() Since the start of the 21st century, discussions about the strengths and weaknesses of forensic disciplines and pathways for their reform have been deeply shaped by expectations and standards associated with DNA profiling ( Murphy, 2010). The larger body of 20th-century ‘dermatoglyphics’ knowledge out of which these tests emerged also continues to influence the foundation of scientific knowledge on which latent print examination is based today. This unfamiliar corner of forensic science, nonetheless, can provide additional perspective on the history of statistical expertise and probabilistic reasoning in modern forensic science, including the application of Bayesian approaches. Fingerprint-based paternity tests remained an obscure area of forensic practice and were eventually overshadowed by advances in serology and DNA profiling. Over time, those who engaged in this work increasingly experimented with methods for presenting fingerprint-based evidence of paternity in quantifiable and even probabilistic terms. Pursued in different times and places-ranging from Austria to Japan to China and from the early 20th century to the 1990s-the projects under study represent an ongoing dialogue, carried out through decades of international scientific exchange, about how to extract genetic information from fingerprints and present this data as scientifically-valid evidence in courts of law. ![]() This article is a study of forensic science researchers’ attempts to develop paternity tests based on fingerprint patterning, a physical trait that is partially inherited.
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